Free tutorial : C programming language

                                                                      

Free tutorial : C programming language 

Table of Contents

                                                                       Introduction

 Getting Started with C

 The Components of a C Program

 Storing Data: Variables and Constants

 Statements, Expressions, and Operators

 Functions: The Basics

 Basic Program Control

 Fundamentals of Input and Output

 Using Numeric Arrays

 Understanding Pointers

 Characters and Strings

 Structures

 Understanding Variable Scope

 Advanced Program Control

 Working with the Screen, Printer, and Keyboard

 Pointers: Beyond the Basics

 Using Disk Files

 Manipulating Strings

 Getting More from Functions

 Exploring the C Function Library

 Working with Memory

 Advanced Compiler Use

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Sample of the pdf document 

Introduction

As you can guess from the title, this book is set up so that you can teach yourself the C programming

language in 21 days. Despite stiff competition from newer languages such as C++ and Java, C remains

the language of choice for people who are just learning programming. For reasons we detail on Day 1,

you can't go wrong in selecting C as your pro-gramming language.

We think you've made a wise decision selecting this book as your means of learning C. Although there

are many books on C, we believe this book presents C in the most logical and easy-to-learn sequence.

The fact that previous editions have constantly been on the best-seller lists indicates that readers agree

with us!

 We designed this book for you to work through the chapters in order on a daily basis. We don't

assume any previous programming experience on your part, although experience with another language,

such as BASIC, might help you learn faster. We also make no assumptions about your computer or

compiler; this book concentrates on teaching the C language, regardless of whether you're using a PC, a

Mac, or a UNIX system.

This Book's Special Features

This book contains some special features to aid you on your path to C enlightenment. Syntax boxes show

you how to use specific C concepts. Each box provides concrete examples and a full explanation of the C

command or concept. To get a feel for the style of the syntax boxes, look at the following example.

(Don't try to understand the material; you haven't even reached Day 1!)

#include <stdio.h>

printf( format-string[,arguments,...]);

printf() is a function that accepts a series of arguments, each applying to a conversion specifier in the

given format string. It prints the formatted information to the standard output device, usually the display

screen. When using printf(), you need to include the standard input/output header file, STDIO.H.

The format-string is required; however, arguments are optional. For each argument, there must be a

conversion specifier. The format string can also contain escape sequences. The following are examples of

calls to printf() and their output:

Example 1

#include <stdio.h>

main()

{

printf( "This is an example of something printed!");

}

Example 1 Output

This is an example of something printed!7

Example 2

printf( "This prints a character, %c\na number, %d\na floating point,

%f", `z', 123, 456.789 );

Example 2 Output

This prints a character, z

a number, 123

a floating point, 456.789

Another feature of this book is Do/Don't boxes, which give you pointers on what to do and what not to do.

DO read the rest of this section. It explains the Workshop sections that appear at the end of each day.

DON'T skip any of the quiz questions or exercises. If you can finish the day's workshop, you're ready to move on to new material.

You'll encounter Tip, Note, and Warning boxes as well. Tips provide useful shortcuts and techniques for

working with C. Notes provide special details that enhance the explanations of C concepts. Warnings

help you avoid potential problems.

Numerous sample programs illustrate C's features and concepts so that you can apply them in your own

programs. Each program's discussion is divided into three components: the program itself, the input

required and the output generated by it, and a line-by-line analysis of how the program works. These

components are indicated by special icons.

Each day ends with a Q&A section containing answers to common questions relating to that day's

material. There is also a Workshop at the end of each day. It contains quiz questions and exercises. The

quiz tests your knowledge of the concepts presented on that day. If you want to check your answers, or if

you're stumped, the answers are provided in Appendix G.

You won't learn C just by reading this book, however. If you want to be a programmer, you've got to

write programs. Following each set of quiz questions is a set of exercises. We recommend that you

attempt each exercise. Writing C code is the best way to learn C.

We consider the BUG BUSTER exercises most beneficial. A bug is a program error in C. BUG

BUSTER exercises are code listings that contain common problems (bugs). It's your job to locate and fix

these errors. If you have trouble busting the bugs, these answers also are given in Appendix G.

As you progress through this book, some of the exercise answers tend to get long. Other exercises have a

multitude of answers. As a result, later chapters don't always provide answers for all the exercises.

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Free tutorial : C programming language