C Language manual / PDF



C Language manual / PDF







Table of Contents:






Chapter 1, “Historical Introduction”

Chapter 2, “C Language Overview”
- file structure, separate compile
- character set (trigraph, logical lines, preprocessor)
- naming, identifiers, keywords, operators, punctuation
- C objects (simple, aggregate)
- functions

Chapter 3, “Declarations”
- syntax for each kind of object
- modifiers const, volatile
- extra modifiers for pointers
- function declaration, arguments and local variables
- classes and scope
- type redeclaration (typedef)

Chapter 4, “Expressions”
- identifiers, operators and constants
- operators behaviour
- conversions, explicit, implicit

Chapter 5, “Statements”
- description of each statement

Chapter 6, “Preprocessor”
- description of each directives
- traps and solutions
- pragmas and their usage


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Sample of the pdf document :








Historical Introduction:

The C language was designed in 1972 at the Bell Lab’s by Denis Ritchie, mainly to rewrite the UNIX operating system in a portable way.

UNIX was written originally in assembler and had to be completely rewritten for each new machine. The C language was based on previous languages named B and BCPL, and is logically called C to denote the
evolution.

The language is described in the well known book “The C Programming Language” published in 1978, whose “Appendix A” has been used for many years as the de facto standard. Because of the growing popurality (The popularity) of UNIX and of the C language (growing), several
companies started to provide C compilers outside of the UNIX world, and for a wide range of processors, microprocessors, and even micro-controllers.

The success of C for those small processors is due to the fact that it is not a high level language, as PASCAL or ADA, but a highly portable macro assembler, allowing with the same flexibility as assembler
almost the same efficiency.

The C language has been normalized from 1983 to 1990 and is now an ANSI/ISO standard. It implements most of the usefull extentions added to the original language in the previous decade, and a few extra features
allowing a more secured behaviour.






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C Language manual / PDF



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